Today is the 133rd birthday of the car

29 January 2019

In 1886 Karl Benz patented the world's first car – the Benz Patent-Motorwagen

Today, 29 January the car – 133rd birthday. On this day in a faraway 1886 German engineer Karl Benz (1844-1929), was legally protected his three-wheeled self-moving carriage, went down in history as the Benz Patent-Motorwagen by German Empire patent № DRP-37435.

The first patented all the rules of self-moving stroller the Benz Patent-Motorwagen – the ancestor of all modern cars

Thus, it was officially a priority of Germany (as it then was unaware) in the case of the automotive industry (the first, I must say, saved by the countrymen K.Benz still). The first car with an internal combustion engine does not have a normal front managed the bridge since Karl Benz found it difficult to create such, and had only a single swivel wheel suspension, which further unites the first car with his progenitor – bike.
 by the Way, the number of components Benz has bought the famous Bicycle company Adler (then she, incidentally, also produced cars and in the 1930s became part of the group Auto Union). In addition, the Benz car was not the gearbox, as the role itself as well as the clutch mechanism performed belt drive with the pulley at idle, but the differential in the transmission is still present. Among other design features of the first cars in the world are: water evaporative cooling system, an electric ignition from a galvanic battery, and welded pipes of the frame-type Bicycle (tricycles then were just honored).

Torque from the engine was transferred to the then machines – belts and pulleys. Copper "pan" above the motor upper reservoir of the carburetor and main tank

  the Engine was single cylinder four stroke (volume 954 cm³) with a capacity of 2/3 HP at 250 rpm (in our day found that he developed a 0.9 HP at 400 min–1) with a large horizontal flywheel, which, incidentally, has also served as triggering device (spun down) and weighed 100 kg, but gasoline, even with the most primitive of the spray carburetor, upper 4.5-liter copper tank which also served as fuel tank, i.e. add carriage Benz had very often unsafe. The engine lubrication was primitive drip, but used the disc pusher vertical outlet valve, known to this day. Maksimalna speed the Benz Patent-Motorwagen was 16 km/h.

The horizontal flywheel not only helped the engine, but the Creator's design increased stability on the road

Way to own the car was started by Karl Benz from far away in 1879, he first created the petrol (!) the internal combustion engine (based on development engineer Nikolaus Otto), which in itself was an innovation, since then the internal combustion engine from Lenoir to Otto worked on anything (illuminating gas, ethanol, etc., etc., but not on gasoline, which was considered too flammable). After you build the engine it's time to create the vehicle. By the way, the merit of Karl Benz in front of his contemporary and rival Gottlieb Daimler, only a few months later patented 4-wheeled car with internal combustion engines that Benz created a car of special design, not adapted horse-drawn carriage.

To start the engine, the Benz Patent-Motorwagen had to scroll by the hands of his flywheel, which, however, was easy because of the low compression in the cylinder

The sample car was ready in October 1885 and was tested with all precautions (as for the sake of peace citizens and to prevent the theft of intellectual property) in the vicinity of his native city Benz – Mannheim. Finally, on January 29, 1886 Karl Benz received a patent and began to experience your camberly apparatus has publicly, though not without problems, since the silencer had not been invented (it would appear 11 years later and America) and the noise from the exhausts of motor was at the time frightening and ordinary people, and what's worse, horses. Tell about a time when the Benz car so scared the horse neighbor, the butcher, which has suffered along with the cart, scattering the dirt all delicate goods. Benz was forced to buy the butcher all his damaged goods, but later took revenge on a neighbor by selling him one of their first production cars. By the way, his first car was estimated at 600 then gold marks.
But back to the Patent-Motorwagen – the Newspapers of the time wrote about the first public trip on the Ringstrasse in Mannheim, and for any normal operation of the first instance of the car was not fit perfectly. In 1887 was created the upgraded model No. 2, which since 1888 has already offered for sale, however, at first unsuccessfully, but programssee the death of her husband, literally saved the brave wife of Carl Benz Bertha Benz, which launched in August of the same year with two teenage sons trip from Mannheim to Pforzheim (104 miles there and 90 miles back) to relatives. However, this historical mileage requires a separate article.

Frau Berta Benz and her daughters Clara and Ellen at the helm the Benz Patent-Motorwagen number 3

In 1889 Benz created a model No. 3, which was shown at the world exhibition in Paris (which, incidentally, on the very same exhibition, for which was built by the famous Eiffel tower). So that the car and the Eiffel tower, so to speak, almost the same age. The car was first acquired fans in France, which is not surprising in view of the great engineering schools of engine specialists, developed industry, and, of course, more democratic of Republican manners, to the presence of the interlayer short term investor (and joined them speculators and other more or less dark polubetskih figures) are susceptible to technical wonders, and a good platform for travel was at Paris in the Bois de Boulogne with its alleys, where you and other trainers ' horses do not scare yourself and so to speak to show, however, soon all the streets of Paris is filled with engine crews already in the 1890s brought him fame as the world capital of motoring. The era of three-wheeled Benzel lasted until 1893 when Carl Benz finally solved with the design of the front managed wheels and created a 4-wheel model Benz Victoria.
During the production of three-wheeled Benz Patent-Motorwagen was created 25 of these machines, each different from the others, as each is created just for a particular client.

He is already elderly Carl Benz at the wheel of his first child before passing it to the Museum in 1906 (in the background his wife Bertha Benz – the first in the world autoturisme) 

Twenty years later, i.e., in 1906, Carl Benz was given his first car the Benz Patent-Motorwagen to the Museum of Munich, where he remains to this day under a glass cover in transport.

Genuine first Benz Patent-Motorwagen hidden under the glass cover of the transport section of the Museum of Munich

To the 50th anniversary of the first car (all the historical significance of the firstborn was already fully understood, and besides, supported by the entire might of the Third Reich propaganda) was built three replicas for museums of Mercedes-Benz, Technical Museum Vienna and the Museum of transport in Dresden.

Replica of the Benz Patent-Motorwagen from the party in 150 units recreated in the beginning of the 21st century 

In 2003-2004 it was released a 150 replica Benz Patent-Motorwagen. In our days, the Benz Patent-Motorwagen is considered as one of the most famous early car models, because almost no book or encyclopedia on the history of a car, though technology in General, can't do without it image. So, given that printed materials, as well as all other paraphernalia (stamps, scale models, keychains, etc., etc.) that the Benz Patent-Motorwagen can be considered the most iconic model of the era of the beginning of motorization. By the way, the French and the Austrians tried to challenge the priority of the Germans in creating a car with a gasoline internal combustion engine (the first claimed to have made it back in 1884, and the second, in General, in 1875 – the so-called "car of Marcus"), however, for the history of technology has meaning that is well-designed patent and the process of continuous development of this type of equipment from the specific sample – thus, paramental the Benz Patent-Motorwagen corresponds to the full.

PS Karl Benz and the other the founder of the automotive industry, Gottlieb Daimler, created the future is only 130 km (the last one in Marienfelde) from each other, so in real life never met, another characteristic indicator of why Germany invented the car and therefore released the palm in its development. Only in 1926 year Karl Benz actually gave the rights to his company his son G. Daimler Paul Daimler, who organized and existing today, the group, long known as Daimler-Benz (now simply Daimler AG).    
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